It has been suggested that the Romans concluded the region was too poor to be worth conquering, or that its lack of a market-based economy made supplying the legions more trouble than it was worth. A variety of other factors have been offered to explain it. The Caledonians do not appear to have been particularly effective warriors, and so it is unlikely to be the case that Caledonian resistance forced the withdrawal. In the 130s, they again pushed into Scotland, building the Antonine Wall, but around 160, they pulled back to Hadrian’s Wall again and gave up any interest in conquering Scotland.Įxactly why the Romans abandoned their desultory efforts to conquer Scotland is unclear. Despite this, the Romans pulled back soon afterwards, and in 122 began work on Hadrian’s Wall. The Romans pushed into northern Scotland in the 70s AD, encountering a people known as the Caledonians, defeating the Caledonian Confederacy heavily in 84. For those interested in the debate, a nice look at the evolution of the problem can be found here. The idea that it was destroyed in a rebellion around 116 or so continues to be the most plausible explanation for its fate, although some uncertain evidence has been identified suggesting that the 9 th Legion might have been on the Rhine in the 120s, which means that its demise must be sought elsewhere, perhaps in Judea or the Danube. Since then, scholars have continued to debate the fate of the 9 th Legion, and it remains an open question. Then in 1954, novelist Rosemary Sutcliff’s novel The Eagle of the Ninth offered a slightly different theory instead of being destroyed by a rebellion in Roman Britain, the 9 th Legion had marched into what is now northern Scotland to suppress a Caledonian uprising, and was destroyed in the process. Since another legion was sent to Britain not long after 116, various scholars began to speculate that a revolt had happened in Britain around 116 or a few years later, and that the 9 th Legion had been destroyed in that rebellion. In the 19 th century, evidence emerged that it had been stationed at York in 108 AD, and one scholar found evidence that it might have still been there in 116, but by 165, it was apparently no longer in existence (since it is not mentioned in a list of legions at that time). In 1732, a British scholar named John Horsley noticed something curious, namely that the Roman 9 th Legion Hispana disappears from the records sometime in the middle of the 2 nd century AD. Neil Marshall), an action film about the disappearance of the Roman 9 th Legion. In the process she impales herself on her own dagger, killing herself.I’ve done four posts about The Vikings and I’ve got at least three more to go, so I thought I’d take a break and review something different, namely Centurion (2010, dir. In a scuffle between the two women, Artemide is knocked down from Hebe's whip. Caius escapes, and Artemide decides to kill Hebe so that Caius won't marry him. Hebe then agrees to marry the evil Diaeus (John Drew Barrymore) if he will spare the Roman's life.
Artemide is extremely jealous of Hebe.Īs a result, Artemide has him arrested and imprisoned. For one, he respects Callicrates, and two, he loves Hebe.
While there, Artemide, the wife of Callicrates falls in love with Caius Vinicus, but he spurns her. She sends the centurion to the home of Callicrates (Nando Tamberlani) to recuperate.
Hebe (Genevieve Grad), the daughter of the anti-Roman governor, Critolaus (Gianni Santuccio) rescues the centurion. Protests break out in Corinth against Roman domination, and in the coflicts, Caius Vinicius (Jacques Sernas), a centurion, is injured. Artemide (Gianna Maria Canale) was a villainess in the 1961 Italian film "The Centurion".
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